Bigsby Vibrato: Iconic Tremolo Bridge Guide

Table of Contents

Introduction to Bigsby Vibratos

The Bigsby vibrato is a classic guitar accessory invented in the 1940s by Paul Bigsby for the purpose of adding vibrato effects to solid body electric guitars. Unlike a tremolo, which modulates volume, a vibrato manipulates pitch by moving the strings back and forth.

Bigsby vibratos feature a movable arm connected to a rotating cam mechanism that alters the string tension when depressed and released by the player. This creates a smooth, wavering pitch effect not achievable by simply bending the strings with your fingers. The vintage-styled Bigsby units are known for their smooth action and distinctive, retro aesthetic that evokes classic rock and roll.

The first Bigsby vibratos were created by Paul Bigsby, a motorcycle racer and luthier in California. Bigsby made customized solid body electric guitars starting in the late 1930s, and by the mid 1940s began producing his innovative vibrato units after requests from customers like Merle Travis. Early adopters of the Bigsby vibrato included influential guitarists like Travis, Grady Martin, and Chet Atkins, who helped popularize the Bigsby sound on many classic country and early rock records.

Over 70 years later, Bigsby vibratos are still prized for their smooth, responsive action and distinctive appearance. Modern rock and blues guitarists continue to utilize Bigsbys to craft lush, expressive vibrato effects and pay homage to the vintage tone of classic guitar icons. When installed properly, a Bigsby can be an invaluable addition to any guitarists’ sonic arsenal.

Different Bigsby Vibrato Models and Their Features

Bigsby offers several vibrato models to fit different types of electric guitars. Here’s an overview of the most common Bigsby vibratos:

B5

The B5 is the original Bigsby vibrato and the most widely used model. First designed in the late 1940s, the B5 features a single tension spring and attaches to the guitar’s top with a large mounting plate. This model is a great fit for solid body electric guitars like the Fender Telecaster.

B50

Similar to the B5, the B50 uses a single tension spring but has a smaller profile and different mounting system designed for Gibson Les Paul and SG models. The B50 replaces the top-mounted plate with a stud that goes through the guitar body.

B500

Designed for semi-hollow and archtop electric guitars, the B500 uses a longer tension spring to accommodate the larger body size. This Bigsby model also has a heavier-duty construction compared to the B5 and B50. It’s an excellent choice for jazz guitars like an ES-175.

B700

The B700 is a modern Bigsby vibrato with several upgrades for tuning stability and performance. It features a smooth roller bridge, adjustable string tension, and locking tuners. This high-end Bigsby model is ideal for players who want the vintage vibe with modern functionality.

When selecting a Bigsby, consider your guitar type, bridge design, and string spacing. The B5 and B50 work well on solid bodies, while the B500 and B700 accommodate the needs of semi-hollow and archtop guitars. Consult Bigsby’s fit charts to choose the right vibrato for your instrument.

How to Install a Bigsby Vibrato

Installing a Bigsby vibrato requires careful preparation and proper technique to ensure it functions smoothly. Here’s a step-by-step guide to installing a Bigsby on different guitar types:

Tools and Materials Needed

Power drill with assorted drill bits
Phillips head screwdriver
Socket wrench with sockets
Sandpaper (120 grit and higher)
Double-sided tape
Ruler and pencil

Installing on a Solid Body Electric

Determine exact position for Bigsby and mark screw holes
Use a drill bit slightly smaller than the screw diameter to pre-drill the holes
Bolt the Bigsby in place using Phillips head screws
Re-string the guitar and set up string height and tension

Installing on a Semi-Hollow or Hollow Body Guitar

Remove strings and unscrew the existing bridge
Carefully rout out an area for the Bigsby per the template
Drill new screw holes if needed for mounting brackets
Secure Bigsby in place and re-string guitar

Installing on an Acoustic Guitar

Mark the outline of the Bigsby’s mounting brackets on top
Use double-sided tape to temporarily hold Bigsby in place
Drill pilot holes through tape into top of guitar
Screw in mounting brackets using socket wrench
Remove tape and properly install Bigsby

Common Installation Mistakes

Forcing improper fit or placement
Failing to pre-drill holes in wood
Not allowing room for spring tension
Incorrect order for drilling, routing, mounting
Improper string height after install

Take your time, follow instructions, and measure twice to cut once during installation. A properly mounted Bigsby makes vibrato use smooth as butter.

Setting Up Your Bigsby Vibrato for Optimal Performance

Once you have your Bigsby installed, there are a few adjustments you’ll need to make to get it performing at its best. Properly setting up your Bigsby can make all the difference in how smoothly it operates and how well it holds tuning when using the vibrato arm.

Adjusting Tension, Height, and Angle

The tension on the Bigsby can be adjusted using the set screws located at the rear of the unit. Tighten these gradually and evenly to increase the overall tension. Having the proper tension will allow the Bigsby to return to pitch reliably after use. Make small adjustments and check the return to pitch after each tweak.

You’ll also want to set the vibrato arm height and angle to suit your playing style. In general, a height that positions the arm 30-40mm above the top of the guitar is a good starting point. The angle can be adjusted by loosening the clamp nut where the arm inserts into the housing. Find an angle that feels comfortable and allows you to rock the arm smoothly without too much effort.

Tuning Stability Tips

Since vibratos can sometimes cause tuning issues, here are some tips for keeping your Bigsby guitar in tune:

Use locking tuners to prevent slippage
Install string trees to help reduce string binding at the nut
Stretch strings thoroughly when changing them
Lubricate the Bigsby pivot points with light oil
Always tune up to pitch, not down

Maintenance and Cleaning

Basic maintenance will keep your Bigsby operating smoothly for years. Clean the unit every string change with a lint-free cloth to remove grime and dust buildup. Put a drop of light machine oil on the pivot points occasionally to prevent sticking. Check for loose screws or damaged parts each time you re-string. And be sure to clean the strings themselves regularly to reduce friction and binding.

Bigsby Vibrato Upgrades and Modifications

One of the great things about Bigsby vibratos is that there are many ways to customize and upgrade them for even smoother performance and better functionality. Here are some of the most popular Bigsby mods and aftermarket parts guitarists use:

Roller Bridge Upgrades

Installing an aftermarket roller bridge is one of the best ways to upgrade a Bigsby for smoother, more friction-free vibrato action. The stock Bigsby bridges can sometimes bind the strings, causing tuning issues or limited vibrato motion. Quality roller bridges from companies like Callaham and Vibramate solve this by using ball bearing rollers to minimize string friction. This allows the strings to move more freely when using the vibrato arm for a very smooth, "buttery" feel.

Locking Tuners

Replacing the stock tuners with locking tuners is a quick upgrade that improves tuning stability significantly. Locking tuners clamp down on the strings for greater break angle over the nut. Combined with roller bridges, locking tuners allow aggressive Bigsby use while staying in tune. Popular options include models from Grover, Sperzel, Gotoh, and Schaller.

String Trees and Retainers

Adding additional string trees or string retainers near the peghead helps reduce string binding at the nut – a common cause of tuning issues on Bigsby guitars. Moderately increasing the break angle reduces the tendency for strings to hang up when using the vibrato. Quality string trees from Bigsby or other brands are easy to install and set up.

Tension Mods

For players wanting more range out of their Bigsby, installing heavier springs or additional springs is a way to increase tension and travel. Lighter strings may also allow greater range of motion. Adjustable spring tension screws can fine tune the vibrato feel. Bigsby also offers a "tension adjuster" bar to install under the tailpiece.

Custom Vibrato Arms

Swapping out the stock Bigsby vibrato arm for an aftermarket arm can also enhance the feel and ergonomics. Many players prefer longer, heavier arms for smoother control of the vibrato motion. There are many custom arm designs on the market – from various materials like aluminum, brass, stainless steel, and even wood.

Other Popular Upgrades

Some other common Bigsby mods include adding a Teflon nut for reduced friction, replacing vintage-style wiring with modern switches, or installing a custom pickguard designed to fit a Bigsby. The key is choosing the right upgrades to match your guitar, playing style, and budget.

Bigsby Vibrato Pros and Cons

The Bigsby vibrato is known for its smooth, vintage-style vibrato action that many guitarists find appealing. However, Bigsbys also come with some downsides, especially relating to tuning stability and range of motion. Here’s a closer look at the key pros and cons to consider when deciding if a Bigsby is right for your guitar.

Pros

Smooth, fluid vibrato motion. The rocking bar mechanism provides a very smooth and easy way to add vibrato to notes and chords. This gives an authentic vintage tone.
Unique retro aesthetic. The iconic Bigsby tailpiece is instantly recognizable and adds a vintage rock and roll look.
Customizable tension. Bigsbys allow adjusting the spring tension to fit your playing style. Tighter for subtle vibrato or looser for dramatic pitch effects.
Works on many guitar types. Bigsbys can be installed on solid bodies, semi-hollows, and even acoustic flat tops with proper mods.

Cons

Tuning stability issues. The vibrato motion can knock the strings out of tune, especially on guitars without locking tuners.
Limited range of motion. Some Bigsby models have a narrow vibrato range compared to tremolos like the Fender or Floyd Rose.
Setup and installation can be tricky. Properly installing and dialing in a Bigsby requires some guitar tech skills.
Not ideal for extreme vibrato usage. Bigsbys work best for adding moderate, vintage-style vibrato flourishes. Heavy use can easily put them out of tune.

Is a Bigsby Right for You?

The smooth, classic tone of a Bigsby can be great for blues, rock, country, and other genres where controlled, vintage-style vibrato is desired. However, tuning challenges and limited range may frustrate players who use lots of heavy vibrato effects. Consider your own playing style, guitar setup, and musical needs when deciding if a Bigsby is a good choice or if a locking tremolo system may be a better fit.

Famous Guitarists Known for Using Bigsby Vibratos

The smooth, shimmering vibrato sound of a Bigsby has been featured on many iconic guitar tracks over the years. Some of the earliest electric guitar virtuosos brought the Bigsby into the spotlight and inspired generations of players with their trademark tremolo techniques.

One of the first big names associated with the Bigsby was country star Chet Atkins. Known for his sophisticated fingerpicking style, Atkins often used the Bigsby on his Gretsch guitars to add expressive, emotional vibrato to his solos and melodic lines. This gave his playing a signature smooth, syrupy sound that helped define the Nashville sound.

Rockabilly guitar legend Duane Eddy was another Bigsby devotee. His twangy, reverberated tone relied heavily on the Bigsby vibrato to produce his trademark "wet" guitar sound on hits like "Rebel Rouser." Eddy’s use of the Bigsby inspired guitarists from Dick Dale to The Ventures.

In the ’60s and ’70s, country session ace Grady Martin contributed some of the most iconic Bigsby moments on songs like Marty Robbins’ "El Paso" and Roy Orbison’s "Oh, Pretty Woman." His tasteful Bigsby flourishes highlight the device’s versatility beyond rock and surf stylings.

Today, modern rockers like Noel Gallagher and Brendan Benson carry the Bigsby torch. Gallagher’s aggressive Bigsby bends on Oasis tracks like "Supersonic" channel the brash British rock sound. And Benson’s indie pop hooks feature smooth, melodic Bigsby lines that nod to the Chet Atkins style.

Whether it’s adding a touch of vibrato shimmer or aggressive, dive-bombing bends, the Bigsby remains an iconic way to put your own stamp on guitar tone. For over 60 years, it has enabled players across genres to develop their own take on the classic Bigsby sound.

Bigsby Vibrato Alternatives and Competitors

The Bigsby vibrato is a classic design that has stood the test of time, but it’s not the only vibrato system on the market. Here are some of the major alternatives to consider and how they compare:

Fender Synchronized Tremolo

Fender’s vintage-style synchronized tremolo is found on many of their classic guitar models like the Stratocaster and Telecaster.

Pros compared to Bigsby: More range of motion, better tuning stability. Easier to manipulate and do dive bombs.
Cons compared to Bigsby: Doesn’t have the smooth vintage vibe or iconic look of a Bigsby. Limited aftermarket parts available.

Floyd Rose Locking Tremolo

The Floyd Rose changed the game with its double-locking design for incredible tuning stability even with heavy use.

Pros: Extremely stable tuning, very wide range of motion. Allows radical effects like dive bombs.
Cons: Requires more complex setup and string locking. Limited vintage appeal.

Others like the Stetsbar

The Stetsbar is a popular Bigsby alternative that retrofits onto many guitars without major modification.

Pros: Easier to install than a Bigsby in many cases. Good tuning stability.
Cons: Plastic parts don’t have the same high-end feel. Less vintage vibe.

Overall the Bigsby stands out for its smooth, vintage-inspired sound and feel. But guitarists needing more range of motion or stability may want to look at some of these alternatives. It comes down to your needs and playing style.

Where to Buy Bigsby Vibratos and Parts

When it comes to purchasing a new or used Bigsby vibrato, you have several options to consider. Here are some of the best places to shop for Bigsby units and replacement parts:

Online Retailers and Marketplaces

Sweetwater – One of the largest online music gear retailers, Sweetwater is an authorized Bigsby dealer that stocks a wide selection of new Bigsby models and parts. They offer fast shipping and excellent customer service.
Reverb – This popular online marketplace has both new and used Bigsbys for sale from various music shops and individuals. Reverb is a great place to find deals on vintage Bigsby units.
eBay – Along with Reverb, eBay is another marketplace with lots of new and used Bigsby vibratos available. eBay sellers often have the lowest prices but less guarantees than major retailers.
Amazon – You can find some Bigsby models and parts sold directly by Amazon or independent sellers here. Selection is limited compared to other sites but prices and Prime shipping are appealing.

New vs Used Bigsbys

When shopping for a Bigsby, consider if buying new or used is the better option for you. New Bigsbys from authorized dealers will be more expensive but come with a warranty and assurance they’ll fit your guitar properly. Used units can have wear and tear but are cheaper and offer a vintage vibe.

What to Look for When Buying

If buying a used Bigsby, inspect photos closely looking for rust, damaged parts or excessive scratches. Make sure the mounting style is compatible with your guitar. Ask the seller about any modifications made to the unit. A well-maintained used Bigsby can still have plenty of life left in it. When buying new, opt for a dealer with a good return policy in case it doesn’t fit your instrument properly.

Conclusion and Key Takeaways

The Bigsby vibrato has a long and storied history in the world of guitar playing. First invented by Paul Bigsby in the 1940s, it became popularized by country and rockabilly guitarists like Chet Atkins, Merle Travis, and Grady Martin. Over the years, Bigsby has developed numerous models to fit different guitar designs, from solid bodies to hollow bodies.

While installing a Bigsby can be tricky, following the proper steps for your guitar type will allow you to achieve the perfect setup. With the right tuning stability mods and proper maintenance, a Bigsby can provide smooth, responsive vibrato effects for any playing style. However, issues like limited range and tuning problems may make other vibrato systems a better choice depending on your needs.

When shopping for a new or used Bigsby unit, be sure to research the right model for your guitar and consider aftermarket upgrades like roller bridges and locking tuners. Taking the time to properly install and optimize your Bigsby will allow you to achieve those classic wavering pitch effects that have defined countless legendary guitar tones over the years.

If you’re looking to add some vintage vibe and smooth vibrato to your guitar playing, a Bigsby is a great option to consider. Follow the tips in this guide during setup and you’ll be ready to dive into the world of Bigsby vibratos. Play around with the tension, arm height, and other adjustments to find your perfect sweet spot. The iconic design of a Bigsby can open up new expressive possibilities and bring a touch of rock and roll history to your guitar tone.